The role of Candida species in the occurrence of dental caries in Thi Qar Governorate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i1.921Keywords:
dental caries, candida species, Candida albicans.Abstract
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease associated with many factors such as cariogenic microorganisms. Candida is known to be associated with early colonization of cariogenic leading to dental caries. The current study aims to isolation and diagnosis Candida species from caries lesions and the surrounding dental plaque in relation to dental caries. This study was conducted during July 2021–December 2022 in Thi-Qar governorate. Samples were collected from 100 patients using sterile procedures for ages from 4 to 65 years for both genders for various factors such as daily intake of sweets, daily brushing of teeth and smoking. Eighty three Candida isolates of six species were isolated, C. albicans was 44, C. glabrata 11, C. dubliniensis 14, C. tropicalis 10, C. krusei 3 and C. utilis 1, in all age groups and for both genders. The current study proved the existence and role of different species of Candida in causing caries disease, not just C. albicans.
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2. Fechney JM, Browne GV, Prabhu N, Irinyi L, Meyer W, Hughes T, Bockmann M, Townsend G, Salehi H, Adler CJ. Preliminary study of the oral mycobiome of children with and without dental caries. Journal of Oral Microbiology. 2019 Jan 1;11(1):1536182.
3. Zero DT, Fontana M, Martínez-Mier EA, Ferreira-Zandoná A, Ando M, González-Cabezas C, Bayne S. The biology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of dental caries: scientific advances in the United States. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2009 Sep 1;140:25S-34S.
4. Dodds M, Roland S, Edgar M, Thornhill M. Saliva A review of its role in maintaining oral health and preventing dental disease. Bdj Team. 2015 Sep 1;2:15123.
5. Signoretto C, Burlacchini G, Faccioni F, Zanderigo M, Bozzola N, Canepari P. Support for the role of Candida spp. in extensive caries lesions of children. The new microbiologica. 2009 Jan 1;32(1):101.
6. Patel M. Oral cavity and candida albicans: Colonisation to the development of infection. Pathogens. 2022 Mar 10;11(3):335.
7. Eidt G, Waltermann ED, Hilgert JB, Arthur RA. Candida and dental caries in children, adolescents and adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Oral Biology. 2020 Nov 1;119:104876.
8. Ramadugu K, Blostein F, Bhaumik D, Jiang W, Davis E, Salzman E, Srinivasan U, Marrs CF, Neiswanger K, McNeil DW, Marazita ML. Co-occurrence of yeast, streptococci, dental decay, and gingivitis in the post-partum period: results of a longitudinal study. Journal of Oral Microbiology. 2020 Jan 1;12(1):1746494.
9. Naidu BV, Reginald BA. Quantification and correlation of oral Candida with caries index among different age groups of school children: A case–control study. Annals of medical and health sciences research. 2016;6(2):80-4.
10. Abid I. Presence of filamentous fungi and yeasts in distribution systems water for districts and some hospitals in Nassiriyah city. JOURNAL OF THI-QAR SCIENCE. 2010;2(1).
11. Zhou X, Li Y, editors. Atlas of oral microbiology: From healthy microflora to disease. Springer Nature; 2021 Jan 6.
12. Williams DW, Lewis MA. Oral Microbiology: Isolation and identification of candida from the oral cavity. Oral diseases. 2000 Jan;6(1):3-11.
13. Sulmiyati S, Said NS, Fahrodi DU, Malaka R, Maruddin F. The Chaaracteristics Yeast Isolated from Commercial Kefir Grain, Indonesia. Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS). 2019 May 30;1(1):26-36.
14. Jorgensen JH, Turnidge JD. Susceptibility test methods: dilution and disk diffusion methods. Manual of clinical microbiology. 2015 May 15:1253-73.
15. Abd Al-Zahra HS, Saleh MB. Isolation and identification of Streptococcus mutans from dental caries patients at Thi-Qar province/Iraq. JOURNAL OF THI-QAR SCIENCE. 2018;6(4).
16. Ghannoum MA, Jurevic RJ, Mukherjee PK, Cui F, Sikaroodi M, Naqvi A, Gillevet PM. Characterization of the oral fungal microbiome (mycobiome) in healthy individuals. PLoS pathogens. 2010 Jan 8;6(1):e1000713.
17. Balolong MP, Mendoza MA. Understanding Oral Diseases: Exploring Opportunities from Filipino Oral Microbiome Research. Dental Caries. 2021 Feb 8.
18. Baveja C. Medical mycology. Text book of microbiology for dental students. 2010:322-3.
19. Al-Amad SH, Rahman B, Khalifa N, Awad MA. Oral candidal carriage and its association with dental carious lesions in asymptomatic adults: a cross-sectional study from the UAE. BMC Oral Health. 2021 Dec;21(1):1-6.
20. Okamo, B., Malaja, M., Silago, V., Mshana, S. E., & Mushi, M. F. Candida spp. Colonizing the Curious Lesions of Patients with Dental Carries: A Case Study from Mwanza Tanzania. (2021).
21. Alkhars N, Zeng Y, Alomeir N, Al Jallad N, Wu TT, Aboelmagd S, Youssef M, Jang H, Fogarty C, Xiao J. Oral Candida predicts Streptococcus mutans emergence in underserved US infants. Journal of Dental Research. 2022 Jan;101(1):54-62.
22. Pang L, Zhi Q, Jian W, Liu Z, Lin H. The Oral Microbiome Impacts the Link between Sugar Consumption and Caries: A Preliminary Study. Nutrients. 2022 Sep 7;14(18):3693.
23. Sheiham A, James WP. Diet and dental caries: the pivotal role of free sugars reemphasized. Journal of dental research. 2015 Oct;94(10):1341-7.
24. Ratson T, Greenstein RB, Mazor Y, Peretz B. Salivary Candida, caries and Candida in toothbrushes. Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2012 Dec 1;37(2):167-70.
25. Ye P, Chen W, Huang F, Liu Q, Zhu YN, Wang X, Han XD, Wang WM. Smoking increases oral mucosa susceptibility to Candida albicans infection via the Nrf2 pathway: In vitro and animal studies. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. 2021 Aug;25(16):7948-60.
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2023-06-28
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The role of Candida species in the occurrence of dental caries in Thi Qar Governorate. (2023). University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i1.921
