Isolation and identification of fungi from extreme environments in Nassiriyah city soils

Abstract

The present study aimed to isolation and identification some mycoflora from 40 soil sample in 6 sites  ( Remnants of fat-born, parks, edges of the river, animal wastes, sewage and rubbish) during October 2015 to January 2016  in Nassiriyah city, Iraq. According to different environmental factors. The present study showed  the isolated  genera from  different sits and that were include Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Cladosporium, Sepedonium, Alternaria, Bipolaris, Chrysosporium, Candida, Rhododendron, Humicola, Geotrichum, Fusarium and Acremonium. They were isolated by dilution method, direct plate method, alcohol and heat treatment technique using the cultural media viz. PDA, SDA and PCA. Aspergillus represented the highest fungal isolate which represent 62 (37.12%) isolation followed by Penicillium with 47 (28.14%), Mucor 22 (13.16%), Rhizopus 15 (8.98%), Cladosporium 6 (3.59%), Sepedonium and Alternaria 3 (1.80%), Bipolaris,   Chrysosporium and Candida 2 (1.20%), and finally Rhododendron, Humicola and Geotrichum recorded the lowest fungal isolation with  one isolate (0.60%). The study results  showed that soil dilution method gave a best  fungal growth in comparison with direct plate method and alcohol and heat treatment technique in 25 ºC and pH= 6. Potato Dextrose Agar appeared as an optimum in comparison with other media such as SDA and PCA.