Demographic Study of Varicella Zoster Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid ofStroke Patients in Thi-Qar Province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v11i2.1223Keywords:
Varicella , stroke , cerebrospinal fluids ,chicken pox , shinglesAbstract
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), also known as alpha herpesvirus Virus 3, belongs to the Alpha Herpesviridae family and is a unique virus that can reactivate neurons and root ganglia in the nervous system and causes many neurological diseases, especially stroke. Molecular and genetic studies of viruses are valuable tools for virus development and identifying viral treatments to combat the disease. The study aims to demonstrate the causal roles of Varicella-zoster virus in the progression of stroke by detecting the presence of virus DNA in the patients CSF by real-time PCR technique. The study aimed to identify the relationship between VZV infection and demographic characteristics.
The current study involved 120 participants collected in Al-Husein Teaching Hospital, of which 90 patients with systemic manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) with/without rash and 30 participants as a control group, the age of population ranging from 1 to70 years among them 73 males and 47 females VZV DNA was detected using Quantitative real-time PCR (ORF4) from CSF.
The results recorded 47 (39.17%) of both patients and control groups were positive for VZV, among them 34 (37.78%) in patients group and 13 (43.33%) cases in the control group. According to sex of patients, the females have the highest infection percentage. Also, noted that 52.78% of infection in the female group and 47.22% in the male group, regarding age groups, the sixth age group it was scored the high percentage of infection 66.67%, while the first age group scored a low infection percentage .
Received: 2024-04-20
Revised: 2024-05-17
Accepted:2024-06-04
References
[1] D. G. Massi, F. T. N. Mbouleup, J. I. Dissongo, and Y. N. Mapoure, “Epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of stroke in rural versus urban hospitals in Cameroon,” Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, p. 107580, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107580.
S. Jx. Murphy and D. J. Werring, “Stroke: causes and clinical features,” Medicine, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 561–566, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2020.06.002.
M. Yamaoka-Tojo and T. Tojo, “Herpes Zoster and Cardiovascular Disease: Exploring Associations and Preventive Measures through Vaccination,” Vaccines, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 252, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.3390/vaccines12030252.
P. Lu, L. Cui, and X. Zhang, “Stroke risk after varicella-zoster virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” Journal of Neurovirology, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 449–459, May 2023, doi: 10.1007/s13365-023-01144-0.
D. Kuriakose and Z. Xiao, “Pathophysiology and Treatment of Stroke: Present Status and Future Perspectives,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 21, no. 20, p. 7609, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijms21207609.
M.-C. Cornet, C. Grose, Z. Vexler, Y. W. Wu, and H. J. Fullerton, “The Role of Infection and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke,” Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, vol. 44, p. 100995, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2022.100995.
B. P. Yawn, A. C. Lindsay, M. Yousefi, and C. Wang, “Risk of, and risk factors for, vasculopathy associated with acute herpes zoster,” Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, vol. 32, no. 2, p. 106891, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106891.
P. G. E. Kennedy and P. Montague, “Variable Gene Expression in Human Ganglia Latently Infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus,” Viruses, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 1250, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.3390/v14061250.
I. Rashad, “Estimation levels of (IL-4, IL-12, and IL-17) and other immunological characteristics in Herpes zoster patients in the southern Iraqi province of Thi-Qar,” Mağallaẗ Al-ʿulūm Ḏī Qār, vol. 10, no. 1, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.32792/utq/utjsci/v10i1.943.
J. W. Gnann, “Human Herpesviruses: Varicella and Herpes Zoster,” in Springer eBooks, 2023, pp. 1–59. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9544-8_42-1.
H. A. Nasser, et al., “Detection of shingles and correlation with gender, weather, and residency,” Biochemical Cellular Archives, vol. 22, no. 1, 2022.
G. Marais et al., “Varicella‐zoster virus reactivation is frequently detected in HIV‐infected individuals presenting with stroke,” 2022.
Z. A. Al-Khafaji, T. A. Mahmood, and S. N. Alhuchaimi, “Molecular study of Varicella Zoster Virus Infection among individuals in Najaf province / Iraq,” ResearchGate, Jan. 2017.
A. Ahmed and J Ahmed,“Detection of Varicella-zoster virus among adult patients suffering from skin lesion in Hilla province, Iraq.” Biochemical & Cellular Archives, 21.2021.
M. Almarjan, H. A. Al-Hmudi, and H. N Habib, (2021). “HOLEGENOME SEQUENCES OF LOCAL VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS (VZV) STRAINS OF BASRAH CITY/IRAQ.” Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 32(3). 2021.
Y. J. Hong et al., “Detection of Herpes Simplex and Varicella-Zoster Virus in Clinical Specimens by Multiplex Real-Time PCR and Melting Curve Analysis,” BioMed Research International, vol. 2014, pp. 1–5, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/261947.
T. H. Hasan, H. A. K. A. Gulel, and H. J. B. A.- Khilkhali, “Epidemiology of VZV virus in Najaf Government, Iraq,” ResearchGate, May 2023, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371173553_Epidemiology_of_VZV_virus_in_Najaf_Government_Iraq
X. Lenne, J. D. Domingo, A. Gil, M. Ridao, J. A. Lluch, and B. Dervaux, “Economic evaluation of varicella vaccination in Spain—Results from a dynamic model,” Vaccine, vol. 24, no. 47–48, pp. 6980–6989, Nov. 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.04.051.
A. Kujur, K. Kiran, and M. Kujur, “An Epidemiological Study of Outbreak Investigation of Chickenpox in Remote Hamlets of a Tribal-State in India,” 2022.
H. A. Khaleel and H. M. Abdelhussein, “Clinical Epidemiology of Chickenpox in Iraq from 2007-2011,” Global Journal of Health Science, vol. 5, no. 1, Nov. 2012, doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v5n1p180.
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2024 University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
