Evaluation of Demographic Characteristics and Biochemical Parameters with Echovirus Infection in Children at Thi-Qar Province/Iraq

: The current study was conducted in Thi-Qar province, with One hundred blood specimens were collected from patients in Mohammed Al-Mousawi Hospital for Children (ages between 2 days - 3 years, males and females), at the period between November 2021 to February 2022.This study aimed to revealed the relationship between different characteristics (sex, age and clinical symptoms) with viral infections , and diagnosis by WBC COUNT, platelet and C-reactive protein for each patients. Based on the results recorded among 100 children have different disease, but only, 9% of patients were infected with the Echovirus, and 91% were negative for viral infection, the results also noted a significant difference in viral prevalence in children at p. value < 0.05. Results also noted a non-significant difference according to children’ gender at p. value < 0.05. Most children infected with Echovirus was in 6-8 and 8-10 month 25%, while the age groups (3day-< 2 month), (2 - < 4 month), (12 - < 14 month), and (14 - < 16 month), were non-infected with Echovirus. The results also noted a significant difference according to age groups at p. value < 0.05. The results of present study showed that CRP and WBC count were increase, while the platelet count was low or normal in children.


I. INTRODUCTION
In both developing and developed countries, enteric Prevention in America . (Yinda et al., 2017). Also, the seasonality of EV infections is notable. They are predominant in summer and autumn in the Western countries and in winter and spring in the Eastern countries (Alhazmi et al., 2020). The Echovirus is responsible for a wide range of human illnesses, including asymptomatic or acute febrile sickness in newborns and young children, as well as deadly encephalitis, aplastic anemia, and pulmonary hypertension.
It's also the most common cause of aseptic meningitis (Suppiah et al., 2016 In populations of low socioeconomic status, infection is attributed to socioeconomic status, infection is attributed to overcrowded living conditions, and poor hygiene (Mazaba et al., 2016). The study aimed to revealed the relationship between different characteristic (sex, age and clinical symptoms) with viral infections., and detection of laboratory parameters such as WBC count, platelet, and C reactive protein for each patients.

A . Design of Study
The current study was conducted in Thi-Qar province, with One hundred blood specimens were collected from patients in Mohammed Al-Mousawi Hospital for Children (ages between 2 days -3 years, males and females), at the period between November 2021 to February 2022.

B. Methods
Five ml of venous blood was drawn from symptomatic children, 1ml was placed in an EDTA tube, and 4 ml in a gel tube. The blood with EDTA was used for detecting white blood cell, and platelets. Then gel tube containing blood was centrifuged at 4000 RPM for 5 minutes to obtain serum for CRP (C-reactive protein) titer assay. The Colter is an automated hematology system providing 20 parameters including , platelet counts, and WBC counts.
CRP testing on the Cobas C311 is an immunoturbidimetric assay for the in vitro quantitative determination of CRP in human serum and plasma on Roche/Hitachi Cobas c systems. Human CRP agglutinates with latex particles coated with monoclonal anti-CRP antibodies. The aggregates are determined turbidimetrically.

C. Statistical Aanalysis
The data of the present study was analysis by using

SPSS (Statistical Package of Sociot Science version 26)
based on Descriptive Chi-Square, Non-parametric Chi-Square, independent t. test at and person correlation p.

III. RESULT
The current results recorded that among 100 child have different symptoms, only 9% of patients infected with Echovirus, and 91% were negative for viral infection.
The results also noted a significant difference in viral prevalence in babies patients at p. value < 0.05 as shown in figure 1.

Prevalence of Echovirus in children According to Gender
The current results illustrated that most children infected with Echovirus was male 9.7%, and the lowest infected was female at 7.9%, while, the female was the most noninfected group at 92.1%. The results also noted a nonsignificant difference according to children' gender at p.
value < 0.05 as in table 1: Positive Echovirus

Negative Echovirus
Prevalence of Echovirus in children According to Age

Estimation of CRP, WBC, and PLT in Male of children and Control
The current results showed that male children was recorded significant increases in studied parameters compared with male control group. The results also noted a significant difference at p. value < 0.05, as shown in

Estimation of CRP, WBC, and PLT in Female children and Control
The current results showed the female children recorded significant increases in studied parameters compared with female control group. The results also noted a significant difference at p. value < 0.05, as shown in table 5. These findings agree with current study results. Zheng et al.,(2016),with the current study on the side and different on the other hand, they recorded that the white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exceeded the normal range in all patients, but they did not agree with us, because they also recorded CSF protein levels higher than normal in half of the patients, while we had high protein level in all patients.

V. CONCLUSION
The Echovirus prevalence rate was recorded at 9% in Thi-Qar province. Echovirus infection is considered not related to children' gender. Most children infected with Echovirus was in 6-8 and 8-10 month at 25%. The results also recorded an increase in the concentration of CRP,WBC count, while the platelet count was low or close to normal in patients.

VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We are grateful to everyone who helped us collect samples at the Mohammed Al Moussawi Children's Hospital. We also extend our thanks and gratitude to the Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science -Thi-Qar University.

VII. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION
The ethical permission was obtained from the Mohammed Al Moussawi Children's hospital and from all participants in this work (patients and healthy) to conduct the research.

VIII. CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflicts of interest